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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Olduvai theory ： ウィキペディア英語版 Olduvai theory The Olduvai theory states that industrial civilization (as defined by ''per capita'' energy production) will have a lifetime of less than or equal to 100 years (1930–2030). The theory provides a quantitative basis of the transient-pulse-theory of modern civilization. The name is a reference to the Olduvai Gorge in Tanzania. == History == The Olduvai theory was introduced in 1989 by power system engineer Richard C. Duncan as the "transient-pulse theory of industrial civilization".〔(OT_1989.pdf ) - Duncan, R. C. (1989). Evolution, technology, and the natural environment: A unified theory of human history. Proceedings of the Annual Meeting, American Society of Engineering Educators: Science, Technology, & Society, 14B1-11 to 14B1-20. 〕 with further details in the 1993 paper "The life-expectancy of industrial civilization: The decline to global equilibrium".〔Duncan, R. C. (1993). The life-expectancy of industrial civilization: The decline to global equilibrium. Population and Environment, 14(4), 325-357.〕 In June, 1996, Duncan introduced a paper titled "The Olduvai Theory: Sliding Towards a Post-Industrial Stone Age" where the term "Olduvai Theory" replaced "transient-pulse theory" used in previous papers.〔("The Olduvai Theory:Sliding Towards a Post-Industrial Stone Age ) - Richard C. Duncan (1996), www.dieoff.org〕 Duncan further updated his theory in "The Peak of World Oil Production and the Road to the Olduvai Gorge", at the Summit 2000 Pardee Keynote Symposium of the Geological Society of America, on November 13, 2000.〔("The Peak Of World Oil Production And The Road To The Olduvai Gorge" ) - Richard C. Duncan (2000), www.dieoff.org〕 In 2005, Duncan extended his data set to include up to 2003 in "The Olduvai Theory Energy, Population, and Industrial Civilization".〔"(The Olduvai Theory Energy, Population, and Industrial Civilization )" - Richard C. Duncan (2005/2006), www.TheSocialContract.com〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Olduvai theory」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.